Ari Fleischer, the New President's Mouthpiece

| 16 Feb 2015 | 05:30

    Ari Fleischer, the Bush administration's human trumpet, is considered a savvy old pro at the middling age of 40. He has a degree in political science and he got his political education flacking for Republican candidates in his home state of New York, the Congressional Republican Party and several of its candidates, as a staffer on Capitol Hill and in two presidential campaigns last year.

    And now the new kid on the block is about to get another kind of education that will determine whether he deserves his resume upgrade to White House press secretary. The reluctant Fleischer will learn that there's a world of difference between the planeload of reporters who cover campaigns and the 8000 or so who are accredited in the nation's capital and to the White House itself.

    The difference is more than size. It's a mind-set. In the boozy camaraderie of campaign planes and the 18-hour days of slogging, dog-tired, through wheat fields and mudflats, there's a bonding of sorts that more than makes up for the competitive edge of on-the-road reporting. But in Washington, it's journalism with a difference. High-level reporting is more of a social romp through the literary teacups: a mannerly trade of well-dropped leaks, private briefings, power breakfasts and invitations to the proper salons and White House dinners. And the ubiquitous Fleischer, as White House spokesman, will do well to discern the difference quickly. It's one thing to issue campaign statements. It's another to deliver the presidential message and devise the White House communications strategy that speaks not only to reporters but to the nation as well.

    Fleisher's new world is not the contrived, cocksure set of The West Wing. White House reporters are a bitchy brood, coddled to a fault, wined and dined with heads of state, and given the best accommodations on which to rest their coifed heads and lecture fees of up to $20,000 a pop. And they're also among the best and the brightest journalists on the planet.

    Moreover, from the White House Fleischer will have to coordinate and control the sprawling communications network of agency and department press secretaries who are scattered across Washington and the world. By all accounts, he has so far turned in a congenial but cautious performance as a campaign spokesman who can dance around the rim of the dish. Translation: he's unsure of himself and is more comfortable saying nothing than something, a stylistic approach that won't fly in the briefing room where one-liners zing by like shrapnel. Often, press secretary and reporter act like two dogs, circling and sniffing, trying to decide whether to make love or war.

    Fleischer was the Bush campaign's out-front spokesman and press dartboard, second only to the campaign's hard-edged communications director Karen Hughes, who'll also be his boss at the White House. Fleischer joined Bush after the collapse of Elizabeth Dole's campaign, for which he was also primary mouthpiece.

    During the Bush campaign, and especially during the 35 days of Florida's death by a thousand cuts, Fleischer was regularly outgunned, outfaxed and even outfoxed by Al Gore's spin machine, although in the end the gang-of-five Supreme Court handed Fleischer the winning end of the lollipop.

    But the daily press briefings on foreign and domestic policy in the White House fishbowl are tricky affairs that have claimed more than one loose-lipped or ill-prepared press secretary. And one shortcoming on Fleischer's resume is that he has no background or experience as a working journalist. The deal is that Fleischer is part of the honeymoon package: how long the love-fest lasts determines how long he survives the firing line.

    The wunderkind George Stephanopoulos, for example, was an early victim of the daily briefings in the Clinton White House, although he survived backstage with the amorphous title of counselor to the president. And remember, too, that it was Stephanopoulos who enraged reporters by sealing off a section of the White House that had previously been accessible to the press. Dee Dee Myers, similarly, was decapitated as a Clinton press secretary. And Mike McCurry, survivor of the Monica Lewinsky era, was probably the smoothest of the recent think-on-your-feet spokesmen until he passed the lectern to the since-departed Joe Lockhart.

    Most press secretaries are very much reflections of their bosses in style, manner and the delivery of information. Fleischer's boss is a casual-to-a-fault, outgoing, consensus-minded conservative who demonstrated his easygoing resilience by surviving the lacerations of the press during a brutal year of campaigning and a wrist-slasher of a finale.

    Since the election, Bush is revealing his tender side over the Peeping-Tom press: he has worked mightily to avoid the pack of reporters who travel in his footprints, presumably on the theory that underexposure is often preferable to overexposure. Above all, Bush demands loyalty and tight-lipped service from those around him. And Fleischer, with equal measures of artful dodging, has been busy honing his skills at obfuscation.

    After an election, many major news organizations shift their campaign reporters over to the White House beat, the theory being that the campaign reporters know the new president's every nuance of style and substance after a year of exposure. So, Fleischer and many of the reporters who'll be covering the White House will already have tested each other, although not in the hothouse atmosphere of the White House briefing room. And many reporters on the White House beat could nearly double Fleischer in experience if not age.

    In an era of fax attacks, e-mail, cellphones, satellite feeds, the entropic wail of talk radio and talking heads, there are no iron laws governing encounters with the press, only a few general principles of engagement:

    A press secretary must establish credibility before he can lie. The press secretary is the vital link between the president and the press, and some say the public. He serves three masters?the president, the press and his own conscience. Reporters rely on the press secretary for their own credibility, and if they go astray it can often be the press secretary's fault for misleading them. It's better to say, "I don't know, but I'll find out," than to lie. But too often, in the rarefied air of government, senior staffers are reluctant to appear uninformed, or, worse, outside the inner circle looking in. The press secretary must take reporters into his confidence before he can begin to use them for his own purpose.

    An idle reporter is a dangerous reporter. Editors demand stories and prod reporters to produce them. Proper care and feeding is the antidote to aggressive reporting. The busier the press secretary keeps reporters chasing official stories and pronouncements, the less likely they are to go digging on their own and trip over a nugget that might embarrass the president.

    Never give out information unless you know how it's going to be used. In government, information is power. The more information and access a press secretary has, the more powerful and trusted he is?or appears to be. Usually, a press secretary can find out more from a reporter than a reporter can find out from a press secretary. Once he does, he can inform the president what he can expect to read in the paper or see on television. And daily schmooze sessions with reporters provide a splendid insight into attitudes toward the president as well as the press agenda of stories to come.

    The president delivers the good news, the Cabinet secretaries the bad news. If a $400 million public works project is going to be built in Palookaville, the president calls a news conference or takes a trip to announce the good fortune. If food stamps are going to be cut, the secretary of Health and Human Services puts out a news release blaming the deficit. It's that simple.

    Never tell one reporter what another is working on. The press secretary has the best overview in Washington of what the press is up to?even better than editors. Trust and confidence are keys to preserving that valuable perch. Never betray a reporter unless he betrays you. And the press secretary is in a better position than a reporter to get even. There's no better way of getting even than cutting off a reporter from the fountainhead of information.

    Selective leaking is a powerful way to win friends and influence people. Plant a story here, drop a hint there. It's a good way to put out chits that can be collected later. But the press secretary must always cover his tracks carefully so as not to anger the other reporters who did not benefit from the well-placed whisper.

    Always protect the deniability of the president and make certain that someone else is available to take the fall. A study of the Reagan administration's handling of the sale of arms to Iran is a case in point. The president should be removed, as often as possible, from any danger of fallout from policies or statements gone awry. Though it is stated painfully often that "the buck stops here," the buck should be deflected before it arrives.

    When the news is good, the president gets the credit. When the news is bad the press secretary gets the blame. In the power pyramid of Washington, other administration members often gang up on the press secretary when unfavorable stories appear. And occasionally, because the press secretary deals directly with a constituency of former friends and playmates, there are accusations by other staffers that the press secretary is engaged in a conspiracy with the press to undermine the president.

    Never let reporters put words in your mouth. Remember, it wasn't Ronald Ziegler, Richard M. Nixon's press secretary, who first characterized Watergate as a "third-rate burglary." It was R.W. "Johnny" Apple of The New York Times who asked Ziegler the question, "Would you describe this as a third-rate burglary?" Ziegler replied, "Yes, I'd call it a third-rate burglary." The rest, as they say, is history.

    When covering government and politics, no reporter can learn everything there is to know about any story. But a reporter is entitled to know whatever he can find out. Therefore, it's not the obligation of the press secretary to provide reporters with information that is negative, but it is his function to supply reporters with material that is beneficial to the president and his administration.

     

    Frank A. DeFilippo, between gigs as a reporter and columnist, earned his chevrons during eight years as press secretary to former Maryland Gov. Marvin Mandel. DeFilippo writes from Baltimore.